2015 日本教育旅行 Day 3_ 1103 Team3

大阪城及豐臣時代

組員：孔維真、莊子儀、林立庭、張恆輔

別名「金城」或「錦城」的大阪城，是日本重要文化遺產，也是代表日本戰國時代的重要標的建築。曾經是豐臣和德川前後兩個戰國名人的重要指揮中心，大阪城原本是在桃山時代是豐臣秀吉的居城，在冬、夏之陣豐臣家戰敗後成為德川幕府控制西日本的重要據點。最原始的城郭含城下町等周長約7.8公里，江戶後期含城下町外郭周長約15.8ｋｍ。大阪城天守外觀四層或五層，瓦上覆以金箔，極其奢華，位置在今日大阪公園蓄水池附近，含石垣四十公尺高。經過前後數次因在不同的戰爭中被戰火波及而需要重建，原本豐臣時代的大阪城已經不見蹤跡，我們現在眼睛所見的城壘，是源自於德川時代的設計，以現代的技術重建。在一九五三年和一九五五年，大阪城被國家史跡，城內的13座古建築物被指定為國家的重要保護文物。

大阪城自築城以來，好幾次成為日本歷史上重要的戰爭舞臺。大阪城作為將歷史傳承至今的歷史遺跡，不僅日本國內遊客，而且受到很多國外遊客的喜愛。 現在的大阪城是在各式祭典期間的熱門景點，尤其是在櫻花盛開的季節，更是會有數十萬的遊客湧入周邊地區，造成周圍商圈的蓬勃發展。

大阪城修築於桃山時代，豐臣秀吉的統治後期。在這個時期，南蠻貿易有所發展，外來的「南蠻」（即歐洲人）產品的使用變得很普遍（神奇的是在這個時期，天主教被宣布為邪教）。在這個時候蓬勃發展的桃山藝術中，華麗的城堡建築和室內裝飾，用金葉子修飾的彩繪屏風，也表現出豐臣的統治下，日本雄厚的財力和人民的文化素質。

During the period when Toyotomi Hideyoshi ruled Japan, the Japanese had active marketing with the Europeans. Due to this, there were many western products used in Japan. (The strange thing is that meantime, spreading Catholic was illegal in Japan) The artworks in this period were very luxuriant, with very many colors and gold leaves on their par closes. It shows the cultural and economic strength of the Japanese in this period.

The Osaka Castle is an important cultural heritage in Japan. It represents the Warring State Period when Toyotomi Hideyoshi had shortly united Japan. The Osaka Castle is a witness of this chaotic era, and had been the commanding room of several headquarters. It was attacked and bombed in several wars, also repaired for several times to its present state. The castle itself consists of four of five levels and the tiles are covered with gold foils. The castle grounds covers approximately 60,000 square meters (15 acres). In 1995, Osaka's government approved yet another restoration project, with the intent of restoring the main tower to its Edo-era splendor. In 1997, restoration was completed. The castle is a concrete reproduction (including elevators) of the original and the interior is intended as a modern, functioning museum. Now it is a popular spot during festival seasons, and especially during the cherry blossom bloom.

心得：

這一趟畢業旅行從我們啟程的這一刻，我們在今天到了大阪最具代表性的地方。這是日本的三大城之一的大阪城。這座城的古早傳說深深地讓人體會到許多的感慨之處，寓意深遠。我們體會到了歷史流傳下來給後代許多重要的事跡，走過大阪城的石鋪街道，閱覽在道路旁邊的簡介，聽著導遊娓娓道來的歷史故事，也感覺到了時間洪流下的變與不變。即使因為時間關係無緣走進城堡裡面，但是遠遠的，便能夠感到這座古城的宏偉跟雄大，以及那因為它所經過的，漫長的時間而瀰漫的一股淡淡滄桑。

We finally came to Osaka Castle today, which is the most representative site of the city. Our tour guide told us about the brief history of the castle as we walked past the antique stone-paved roads. The lively description brought the scenes of the old times back to life, and it was able to make us understand the changes and the immortality of the grand stream of time. We had already learned of the tales and the past of the castle, which brought messages from the past to the present where we are. Though we could only stand from a long distance and not able to go near the castle itself, we were still able to feel the marvel of it, and also its sentiments that it brought from the old era.